During root canal treatment, excessively curved canals or incorrect angles used by the dentist while searching for the canal opening can create a hole in the root wall; this is called “root perforation.” Because this hole creates an artificial opening between the oral cavity and the jawbone, it is highly susceptible to infection. Today, a miraculous material called “Mineral Trioxide Aggregate” (MTA) is used to repair these accidents. MTA is placed in the perforated area using microscopic carriers. MTA, which hardens in a moist environment, releases calcium hydroxide when combined with tissue fluids. Histologically, it has incredibly high biocompatibility; it forms a leak-proof barrier, completely preventing bacteria from entering the bone. Its greatest feature is that it stimulates the surrounding periodontal tissues, allowing the hole to be refilled with true cementum and bone tissue (biological closure).
