The relationship between diabetes and gum disease is described in the medical world as a “double-edged sword” or a two-way mechanism. The first aspect: In a diabetic patient with uncontrolled blood sugar, collagen synthesis in the tissues is impaired, the ability of immune cells (neutrophils) to fight bacteria decreases, and microvessels in the gums become clogged. This leads to even normal bacterial plaque in the mouth rapidly and aggressively transforming into advanced bone loss (periodontitis). The second aspect: The intense inflammatory chemicals (cytokines, TNF-alpha, etc.) produced in the gums spread throughout the body via the bloodstream, blocking insulin receptors in cells and increasing “insulin resistance.” Therefore, even with medication, a doctor will struggle to regulate the blood sugar of a patient with untreated gum disease. Gum treatment helps control diabetes.
